In February 2006, EU agriculture ministers formally adopted a radical reform of the EU sugar sector. This brought a system which had remained largely unchanged for almost 40 years into line with the rest of the reformed Common Agricultural Policy. The reform was also driven, in part, by a ruling from the World Trade Organisation in August 2004 which ruled that subsidised EU sugar exports were illegal.
The objective of the reform was therefore to reduce surplus EU quota of beet sugar and isoglucose by approximately 6 million tonnes between 2006 and 2009. In addition, cane sugar imports into the EU were programmed to increase by around 2m tonnes from July 2009. The EU Commission believes that the net reduction of around 4m tonnes will enable the EU sugar industry to remain sustainable, self-sufficient and competitive.
The main components of the reforms to encourage uncompetitive sugar producers to leave the industry were as follows:
• A 36% cut in the guaranteed minimum processed white sugar reference price over four years (from €631.9/tonne in 2006/2007 to €404.4/tonne from 2009/2010);
• A 36% cut in the raw sugar reference price (from €496.8/tonne in 2006/2007 to €335.2/tonne from 2009/2010);
• A Restructuring Fund to pay compensation to those who surrendered their beet sugar and isoglucose quotas - financed by the remaining beet sugar and isoglucose producers in the industry; and
• Compensation for sugar beet farmers.
• Transitional aid to EU cane refiners.
The 2006-2009 scheme for the restructuring of the European sugar industry has resulted in the target sugar quota being surrendered and the market is now largely in balance. The final institutional price reduction was effective on 1 October 2009 and has generally improved margins across the industry.
NB. Cane refiners are not subject to the quotas. The quota reduction measures only applied to beet sugar and isoglucose producers. As part of these measures, Tate & Lyle exited its Eastern Sugar beet processing operations in Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia in February 2007.